Understanding Tequila: History and Types

The History of Tequila

Tequila, known fondly as the spirit of Mexico, has a rich and complex history that dates back hundreds of years. The liquor is made from the blue agave plant, which indigenous people in Mexico fermented to produce a primitive version of the drink we know today. Spanish conquistadors are credited with distilling agave for the first time in the 16th century, creating a more refined version of the drink. Over the centuries, tequila production has been refined and regulated to safeguard its quality and authenticity.

• Tequila is unique to Mexico, and its production is heavily regulated to protect its identity and heritage. This is similar to how champagne can only be produced in the Champagne region of France.
• Despite its long history, tequila did not gain international popularity until the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, it's one of the top-selling spirits in the world.
• Tequila’s history is deeply intertwined with the history of Mexico itself, reflecting the nation’s unique culture and spirit.

Types of Tequila

There are several types of tequila, each boasting its unique characteristics. The differences range from the maturation process, the specific type of agave used, and the region in which it is produced. The main categories are blanco (white), joven (gold), reposado (rested), añejo (aged), and extra añejo (extra aged).

• Blanco is the purest form of tequila. It is usually clear and is bottled immediately after distillation or aged for less than two months in stainless steel or neutral oak barrels.
• Joven, also known as gold tequila, is typically a mix of blanco tequila and reposado.
• Reposado is blanco tequila that has been rested in oak barrels for between two months and one year.
• Añejo is aged in small oak barrels for between one and three years.
• Extra Añejo has an even longer aging process, staying in the barrels for at least three years.

How to Taste Tequila like a Connoisseur

Selecting the Right Glassware

While it's common to see tequila served in shot glasses or used in cocktails, those looking to truly appreciate the drink's flavor should consider using a snifter or a "Riedel" tequila glass. These types of glassware allow for the tequila’s aromas to be concentrated and drawn out, enhancing the tasting experience.

• A tulip-shaped glass often used for brandy, known as a snifter, is great for sipping tequila as its shape is designed to trap the aromas of the drink.
• The Riedel glass, specifically designed for tequila tasting, has a longer stem and smaller mouth to best enhance the flavors.

Applying the Right Tasting Technique

When tasting tequila, it's important to engage all your senses. The process begins with visually examining the color and consistency of the tequila. Then, swirl the tequila gently around the glass to release the fragrances, and take in the aroma before finally tasting it.

• Visual cues can tell you a lot about the tequila's age and quality. Añejo and extra añejo tequilas, for instance, are darker and richer in color due to their long aging process.
• The smell of tequila is just as important as the taste. An aged tequila like an añejo or extra añejo will offer complex scents of vanilla, chocolate or other notes picked up during the barrel aging process.
• Finally, sip the tequila slowly, allowing it to wash over your entire palate for a full range of flavor.

Exploring Tequila-Based Cocktails

Classic Tequila Cocktails

Tequila's unique flavor profile makes it a versatile spirit for various cocktails. The most famous are perhaps the margarita and the tequila sunrise, but there are many other fantastic recipes to explore.

• The Margarita is a classic cocktail that balances the tequila's earthiness with the lime's acidity and the added sweetness from an orange liqueur. It can be served on the rocks or blended into a frozen variety.
• The Tequila Sunrise provides a sweeter option, combining tequila with orange juice and a splash of grenadine.

Modern Takes on Tequila Cocktails

While there are many traditional drinks to enjoy, modern mixology has also introduced some fabulous new ways to enjoy tequila. The versatility of tequila allows bartenders to play with a variety of ingredients and flavor profiles.

• A Tequila Mockingbird combines tequila with watermelon juice, lime, and jalapeno for a sweet, tangy, and spicy cocktail.
• The Paloma is a refreshing cocktail that combines tequila with grapefruit soda and lime juice. It is typically served with a salt rim, adding another layer of complexity to the drink.