Understanding Soju: An Introduction

The History of Soju

The history of soju dates back to the 13th century during the Goryeo dynasty in Korea. It was first introduced by the Mongols who had acquired the distillation technique from the Persians. Mongols used to make distilled drinks using wheat, which Koreans later adapted, using rice to create soju. Over the years, soju has become a significant part of Korean culture, primarily used for celebrations and ceremonies. Understanding the history of soju provides insights into how to best enjoy it, as traditions and practices often stem from historical context.

What is Soju Made From?

Traditionally, soju was made from rice. However, during the aftermath of World War II, a rice shortage resulted in a government ban on the use of rice for anything other than a food source. Brewers began to use other starches such as sweet potatoes, corn, and barley. Even after the ban was lifted, some manufacturers continued using these alternative ingredients due to their lower cost. Hence, the taste and flavor of soju may vary depending on the main ingredient used in the brewing process.

Types of Soju

There are different types of soju, the most common being the clear, distilled soju, often compared to vodka albeit with lower alcohol content. Flavored soju is also increasingly popular, with flavors ranging from green grape to yogurt. The alcohol content in flavored soju is usually lower, making it a favorite among those who prefer softer alcoholic beverages. Knowing the types of soju allows one to tailor the drinking experience depending on personal preferences or palates of the guests.

How to Drink Soju: Traditional Korean Customs

The Two-Hand Rule

One of the fundamental cultural aspects of drinking soju is the use of two hands when receiving or pouring soju. It's considered rude to use just one hand, especially when interacting with elders or superiors. The two-hand rule demonstrates respect and understanding towards Korean culture. While this might not be strictly enforced among younger generations or non-Koreans, it's still appreciated and seen as a mark of politeness.

Pouring Soju for Others

In Korean culture, it's customary for the youngest or the least senior person to pour soju for the rest. It is seen as a sign of respect towards elders or more senior people. The person pouring the drink should pour with both hands, while the receiver holds their glass with both hands. Also, it's considered rude to refill a glass that still has soju in it, so everyone must finish their drink before the next round is poured.

Customary Soju Toasts

Like many other cultures, Koreans have traditional toasts when drinking soju. A common toast is "Geonbae!" which translates to 'empty glass', similar to ‘bottoms up’ in English. It's not required to finish the drink in one shot, despite what the toast might imply. Another custom is to look away or lower one's head when drinking if an elder or a superior is present. Again, this is an indication of respect.

Soju Pairings and Cocktails

The Soju and BBQ Pairing

Pairing soju with food is another aspect that can elevate the drinking experience. The classic pairing with soju is Korean BBQ. The clean taste of soju works well to cleanse the palate between bites of rich, flavorful meat. Eating while drinking soju is not just a pairing preference, but also a way to pace alcohol consumption and prevents hangovers.

Mixing Soju Cocktails: Someoektails

For those who want to experiment, soju can be used as a base for cocktails, colloquially known as somek, a portmanteau of soju and mekju (beer). The light taste of soju makes it a versatile ingredient for a variety of cocktails. Classics include yogurt soju, grapefruit soju, or the infamous somaek - a mixture of soju and beer.

Non-Traditional Soju Pairings

While barbecue is a traditional pairing with soju, it also works well with other cuisines. For instance, spicy foods work well with soju as the alcohol complements and balances the heat. In recent years, people have paired soju with western foods like pizza and burgers, showing the versatility of the drink.